| 摘要: |
| 湿地是生态系统的重要组成部分，是人类最重要的生存环境之一。天津滨海新区拥有丰富的湿地资源，但近年来随着经济的发展，人类活动的增强及相关政策的执行，湿地资源受到严重威胁。为全面掌握滨海新区近年来的湿地景观格局动态变化历程，本文以1986年、1996年、2006年和2016年TM遥感影像为主要数据源，运用遥感等技术手段，对滨海新区近30年来湿地景观格局时空演化进行动态分析、质心分析及指数分析，并简要讨论了湿地景观变化的主要驱动因子。结果表明：近30年间滨海新区湿地退化情况严重，累计退化面积达524.762 km2，其中2006 — 2016年湿地面积减幅最大，高达407.947 km2，减少区域集中分布在环渤海地带的淤泥质沙滩和浅海水域，转化后类型以建设用地为主。景观动态分析及质心分析结果表明：景观整体变化特征为破碎度逐渐增强、景观形状日趋复杂、景观生态功能日益减弱、景观分布向均衡化发展，整体湿地质心不断向内陆推移。驱动力分析结果显示：经济发展、人口增长和政策调控等人为因素是该时期景观格局变化的主要驱动因素。 |
| 关键词: 滨海新区 湿地景观 时空动态变化 驱动力 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE182042 |
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| 基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD2016007709） |
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| Wetland landscape changes and its driving factors in Binhai New Area of Tianjin |
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FAN Yanli, TIAN Shufang
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School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope As parts of global ecosystem, wetlands have provided abundant material and environmental resources, which have crucial ecological function. Binhai New Area of Tianjin is rich in wetland resources, whereas threats are posed to these resources with rapid development of economy, constant increase of population pressure, and the implementation of the “land reclamation by sea”, so understanding the dynamic changes of wetland landscape pattern and its driving forces is of great significance for protecting wetland resources in Binhai New Area. Materials and methods Based on the platform of RS and GIS, and remote sensing data of 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016, dynamic analysis, index analysis and centroid change analysis are used for study the dynamic changes of wetland landscape pattern in Binhai New Area, five influencing factors are chosen to research its driving forces. Results The degradation of wetland is serious in past 30 years, with a cumulative degradation area of 524.762 km2, the most degraded is in the period from 2006 to 2016 with a degradation area of 407.947 km2. The change area is concentrated in the muddy beach and shallow water, the mainly type after conversion is construction land. Discussion The results of index analysis and centroid analysis show that the landscape changes are characterized by increasing fragmentation and complexity of landscape shape, weakening of ecological function, and the landscape distribution is becoming more and more balanced, wetland centroid is constantly moving inland. Conclusions The results show that social factors such as economic development, population growth and policy control are the main driving factors. Recommendations and perspectives Serious degradation of wetland resources will pose a serious threat to the human survival environment and social economic sustainable development, and should be paid attention to by the relevant departments. |
| Key words: coastal wetland wetland landscape temporal and spatial dynamic change driving factors |
