| 摘要: |
| 重建湖泊水位历史、掌握其演变规律和机制，对水资源管理、生态环境保护、旱涝灾害防治以及认识区域水文气候变化机制皆有重要意义。中国西南地区拥有大量湖泊，其水位变化及驱动机制广受关注。本文通过汇总历史文献记录并将其与邻近地区的其他湖泊水位重建进行比较，总结了过去一千年中国西南地区湖泊水位的变化。结果显示中国西南地区近千年的湖泊水位变化可大致分为四个阶段：900 AD之前为高水位阶段、900—1350 AD（中世纪暖期）总体水位偏低、1350—1800 AD（小冰期）水位再次升高，而近100多年来（现代暖期）湖泊水位普遍下降。通过进一步与印度季风区其他湖泊水位变化对比分析，发现中国西南地区近千年湖泊水位变化与多数印度夏季风区湖泊水位及季风降水变化模式相似。这种水位变化趋势及水文气候模式可能与受热带海洋海表面温度变化调控的大气环流位置移动有关。人类活动对干旱期湖泊水位下降速度及幅度可能也有重要影响。 |
| 关键词: 湖泊水位 中国西南地区 历史文献记录 印度夏季风 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE202015 |
| CSTR： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41672169）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB40010300） |
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| Lake level variations in southwest China over the last millennium |
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ZHANG Xulong, SONG Yunping, ZHANG Guilin, XU Hai
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Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Knowledge of historical lake level variations and causal mechanisms is critical for water resource management, ecology and environmental protection, drought and flood prediction/adaptation, and understanding of the regional/global hydroclimate forcing. There are a large number of lakes in southwestern China, so understanding how and why lake level changes over time is important for the region. Materials and methods In this study, we summarize lake level changes in southwest China over the past millennium by compiling historical records and comparing them with other lake level reconstructions in adjacent areas. Results The results show that lake levels varied significantly in southwestern China during the last ~millennium, including four stages: high lake levels before ~900 AD; low lake levels during 900—1350 AD (Medieval Warm Period, MWP); high lake levels during 1350—1800 AD (Little Ice Age, LIA); generally declining lake levels over the past ~100 years (Current Warm Period, CWP). Discussion Further comparisons show that lake level variations in southwest China during the last millennium have broadly similar trends to both lake level variations and monsoon precipitation patterns over the extended Indian summer monsoon (ISM) area. Conclusions We contend that centennial-scale lake level changes and hydroclimate patterns may be related to movement of the planetary atmospheric circulations regulated by changes in tropical sea surface temperatures. Human activities could have partly influenced changes in lake levels over the last millennium, and may have played a more important role in the study area by affecting the rate and magnitude of lake level falls during dry intervals than wet intervals. Recommendations and perspectives Societies should be adequately prepared for the risk of continuously declining lake levels under a warming climate in the strongly human-impacted Anthropocene over southwest China and the extended ISM areas. |
| Key words: lake level southwest China historical literature record Indian summer monsoon |
