| 摘要: |
| 在对14C测年数据进行校正时，由于大气14C本身波动的原因，其校正曲线出现反复波动，从而形成可持续上百年的放射性碳平台。其中“哈尔施塔特平台期”发生在800—400 BC，占据了考古学文化中早期铁器时代的大部分时段。该平台的存在使得这一时期的14C数据校正误差达到数百年，并且无法单纯地通过增加样本量获得更精确的遗址年代信息。全球很多地区在当时尚无可靠的文字记录可依赖，因此在这种情况下，这些地区的早期铁器时代遗址难以做进一步的分期。本文以新疆早期铁器时代遗存为例，分别介绍树轮交叉定年、14C摇摆匹配、贝叶斯模型及地磁测年的原理和适用范围等，并讨论了应用上述方法对于改善新疆早期铁器时代遗址年代问题的可行性。结合新疆早期铁器时代遗存的特性，提出在具体研究中应视材料的保存情况和研究的需求选择合适的方法。 |
| 关键词: 14C测年 14C校正 “哈尔施塔特平台期” 早期铁器时代 新疆 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE212030 |
| CSTR： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41701215） |
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| “Hallstatt Plateau” in radiocarbon calibration curve and the dating of Early Iron Age sites in Xinjiang |
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DONG Weimiao
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1. Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
2. Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Due to the fluctuation of atmospheric 14C itself, the calibration curve fluctuates repeatedly, forming radiocarbon plateaus that can last for hundreds of years. “Hallstatt Plateau” is one occurred between 800—400 BC, covering most of the so called archaeological Early Iron Age. Because of the existence of this radiocarbon plateau, the calendar age of this period always has a span of nearly 400 years, so it is impossible to obtain a more accurate age distribution merely by increasing the sample size. Many parts of the world have no solid written records to rely on at that time. Thus, it is difficult to further subdivide the Early Iron Age sites into different occupation phases in these areas. Materials and methods Taking the Early Iron Age remains in Xinjiang as an example, this paper introduces the principle and scope of applications of tree ring cross-dating, 14C wiggle-matching, Bayesian model and geomagnetic dating, and discusses the feasibility of applying the above methods to improve the dating accuracy of the Early Iron Age sites in Xinjiang. Results Combined with the actual situation of archaeological discoveries in Xinjiang, all the above-mentioned methods have their superiorities and shortcomings. Discussion Both 14C wiggle-matching and tree ring cross-dating can produce high-precision dating results for sites with good preservation of wood, but money or time consuming. Bayesian model has advantages in narrowing the chronological range of sites utilizing existing dates. While for the method of geomagnetic dating, large dating error and limited dating material make it the last choice. Conclusions For now, 14C wiggle-match dating can be the best choice to solve the age problem of Early Iron Age sites in Xinjiang. Recommendations and perspectives Combined with the characteristics of the relics of the Early Iron Age in Xinjiang, this paper believes that the appropriate methods should be selected according to the preservation of materials and the needs of research. |
| Key words: radiocarbon dating radiocarbon calibration “Hallstatt Plateau” Early Iron Age Xinjiang |
