| 引用本文: | 刘显，徐悦悦，孙从建，陈伟，李皎，张齐飞.2022.黄河上中游水资源与粮食安全耦合关系特征分析——以陕甘宁青为例[J].地球环境学报,13(4):369-379 |
| LIU Xian, XU Yueyue, SUN Congjian, CHEN Wei, LI Jiao, ZHANG Qifei.2022.Analysis of the coupling characteristics between water resources and food security in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River: a case study of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai region, Northwest China[J].Journal of Earth Environment,13(4):369-379 |
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| 摘要: |
| 探明陕甘宁青地区水资源与粮食安全的耦合特征，不仅有助于促进区域水资源及粮食生产的可持续发展，且对于经济社会发展具有重要意义。本文应用水资源负载指数及水足迹方法，通过分析区域水资源自然属性以及配置、粮食消费对水资源的需求等维度，系统分析了该区域水资源与粮食安全的耦合特征。结果表明：（1）2000—2016年，区域水资源总量呈不显著的增加趋势，水资源负载指数由3.9增加到13.1，相应的负载等级由Ⅲ级上升到Ⅰ级，说明不具备进一步开发的潜力；（2）农业生产的水资源被挤占，农业用水比例由78.6%（2004年）减小到76.1%（2016年），而区域粮食安全对水资源的需求数量在提高；（3）区域居民膳食结构由口粮性向动物性产品转变，进一步加剧了区域粮食和水资源的负担；区域粮食消费水足迹由2000年的79.7 Gm3增长到2016年100.1 Gm3。依据研究结果从区域种植结构优化潜力、节水灌溉技术和虚拟水贸易的层面提出提高区域蓝水、绿水利用效率，减少灰水数量的措施以便更好地缓解区域水资源压力，促进粮食生产和水资源利用的可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 水资源 粮食安全 水足迹 耦合特性 人口增长 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE212036 |
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| 基金项目:山西省基础研究计划（202103021223261）；山西师范大学博士科研启动项目（0505/02070541）；2021年度山西省研究生教育教学改革研究课题（2021YJJG133） |
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| Analysis of the coupling characteristics between water resources and food security in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River: a case study of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai region, Northwest China |
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LIU Xian, XU Yueyue, SUN Congjian, CHEN Wei, LI Jiao, ZHANG Qifei
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1. School of Geography Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
2. Shanxi Institute of Organic Dryland Farming, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Sustainable utilization of water resources is an important factor in ensuring food security. Understanding the coupling characteristics of water resources and food security in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai region is not only beneficial for the promotion of sustainable development of regional water resources and food production, but also has significant implications in economic and social development. The present study, conducted in the Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and Qinghai regions of the People’s Republic of China. Materials and methods Systematically defined the coupling characteristics of regional water resources and food security by utilizing the water resource load index and water footprint method to analyze natural properties of regional water resources and their allocation, food consumption, and demand for water resources. Results Firstly, the results showed that, from 2000 to 2016, there was an insignificant increase in total regional water resources, with the water resource load index increasing from 3.9 to 13.1 and the corresponding load level rising from level Ⅲ to level Ⅰ, with no potential for further development. Secondly, the water resources were utilized in agricultural production, with the proportion of agricultural water consumption decreasing from 78.6% in 2004 to 76.1% in 2016, and the water resource demand for regional food security increasing. Finally, the results demonstrated that the dietary transition of the regional population from grain-based to animal-based diet further intensified the burden on regional food production and water resources. The water footprint of regional grain consumption increased from 79.7 Gm3 in 2000 to 100.1 Gm3 in 2016. Discussion The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai region has been subjected to intense water resource pressures and has no potential for further development. Agricultural water resources have been exploited and the sustainability of regional water resources and food security has been gravely threatened. Changes in dietary patterns and population growth increased the need for regional food security and water resources. The gradual shift in the dietary patterns of residents from grains to animal products has intensified the demand for water resources to provide regional food security. Owing to population growth, the water footprint of food consumption in the region is projected to increase by 5.0% by 2045. Conclusions The sustainable development of water resource utilization and food production in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Qinghai region is facing significant challenges and must be prioritized; relevant departments need to take immediate and effective actions. Recommendations and perspectives Based on these results, we took into consideration optimization potential of regional planting structure, water-saving irrigation technology, and virtual water trade and proposed measures to improve the utilization efficiency of regional blue and green water and minimize the amount of grey water in an attempt to alleviate the pressures on regional water resources and promote sustainable development of food production and water resource utilization. |
| Key words: water resources food security water footprint coupling characteristics population growth |
