| 引用本文: | 张全,侯光良,邓艳芳,金孙梅,高靖易,刘佳欣.2025.黄河流域史前至历史时期文物保护单位的环境适宜度评价[J].地球环境学报,16(1):66-76 |
| ZHANG Quan,HOU Guangliang,DENG Yanfang,JIN Sunmei,GAO Jingyi,LIU Jiaxin.2025.Environmental suitability evaluation of cultural relics protection units in the Yellow River Basin from prehistoric to historic periods[J].Journal of Earth Environment,16(1):66-76 |
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| 黄河流域史前至历史时期文物保护单位的环境适宜度评价 |
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张全1, 2，侯光良1, 2, 3*，邓艳芳4，金孙梅1, 2，高靖易1, 2，刘佳欣1, 2
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1.青海师范大学 地理科学学院，西宁 810008
2.青海师范大学 青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室，西宁 810008
3.青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院，西宁 810008
4.青海省草原改良试验站，海南 811800
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| 摘要: |
| 黄河流域是研究我国文明演化、人地关系变迁的重要区域，文物遗产丰富，但生态环境问题突出。为更有效地了解流域史前至历史时期文保单位的环境状况，以流域内3593处文保单位为研究对象，以海拔、≥10 ℃积温、降水、河网密度、土壤和植被等为指标，利用地理探测器构建文保单位适宜度环境评价模型，得到四个时段文保单位适宜度环境指数（SEI）的等级分区，并通过文保单位的空间分布对等级分区进行验证，结果表明：（1）四个时段环境适宜度的主导驱动因子依次为降水、降水、海拔和土壤。（2）四个时段的SEI评分均较低，适宜区的等级呈自东向西北、向西交叉状递减的趋势，且各时段的等级分区中，较高与中等适宜区面积占比最大，低适宜区占比最小。（3）文保单位的空间分布密度从低适宜区至高适宜区显著增加，表明空间分布密度与适宜度等级分区关系密切。研究结果可为今后文保单位的环境评价以及人地关系研究提供借鉴意义。 |
| 关键词: 黄河流域 文物保护单位 地理探测器 适宜度评价 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE242016 |
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| 基金项目:青海省科学技术厅2024年重点研发与转化计划（2024-SF-147） |
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| Environmental suitability evaluation of cultural relics protection units in the Yellow River Basin from prehistoric to historic periods |
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ZHANG Quan1, 2, HOU Guangliang1, 2, 3*, DENG Yanfang4, JIN Sunmei1, 2, GAO Jingyi1, 2, LIU Jiaxin1, 2
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1. College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
3. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810008, China
4. Grassland Improvement Experimental Station of Qinghai Province, Hainan 811800, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope The Yellow River Basin is an important area for the study of cultural evolution and changes in human-territory relations in China’s historical period, and is rich in cultural heritage. However, the ecological environment of the watershed is prominent, which has an important impact on the ecological environment in which the heritage is located and its conservation and use. This study takes the Yellow River Basin as the scope and focuses on understanding the environmental conditions of the cultural heritage units in the Yellow River Basin during the historical period. Materials and methods 3593 cultural conservation units in the basin are studied, and the six natural factors of elevation, ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature, precipitation, river network density, soil type and vegetation type are used as indicators to construct an environmental suitability evaluation model for the location of cultural heritage conservation units in the Yellow River Basin using a geographic probe. Results Driver detection of natural elements such as elevation, ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature, river network density, precipitation, soil type and vegetation type showed that the dominant drivers and their q-values for the four periods were precipitation (0.296), precipitation (0.509), elevation (0.428), and soil (0.368). The suitability environmental index (SEI) constructed by the geodetector model for the four periods, was orderly 0.084—0.784, 0.184—1.575, 0.128—1.360, and 0.214—1.604 with low scores. Discussion The time and spatial scale in the study is large, the natural environmental differences in space and time are significant, and human activities are closely related to the natural environment. Cultural heritage units are the product of human activities, human beings are always looking for the natural environment combined with the most favorable area to survive, such as a warm and humid place where is usually at a low altitude, and easy to access to water, and vegetation is more abundant, fertile soil is conducive to agricultural cultivation of the region. The advantages and disadvantages of a comprehensive environmental assessment will profoundly affect human activities in different regions. Conclusions Within the Yellow River Basin, the natural driving factors mostly show a trend of change from east to west and northwest, and the spatial distribution of cultural heritage units in most periods has a strong consistency with the environmental advantages and disadvantages. Recommendations and perspectives The natural environment data used in the model is modern environmental monitoring data, which deviates from the real environment of the historical period; the selection of sites for cultural preservation units in different periods was also influenced by a combination of human factors such as the rise and fall of regimes, warfare and demographic changes, which needs to be studied in future. |
| Key words: Yellow River Basin heritage conservation units geodetector suitability assessment |
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