| 摘要: |
| 稀土开发环境效应是地球环境及可持续发展领域的重要课题，过去30 a以来，全球稀土产量增加了400%，但稀土开发环境效应研究一直缺乏系统综述。以Web of Science核心合集和中国知网（CNKI）数据库为基础，基于定量分析与定性认知相结合的判读方法，对过去30 a以来稀土开发环境效应研究文献进行计量分析并开展讨论，揭示稀土环境效应研究发展特点与发展趋势。研究表明：稀土开发环境效应研究文献从2011年开始呈现快速增长，但研究团体具有明显地方性且协作程度较低；中文文献侧重于稀土开发的宏观环境问题研究，而外文文献则侧重于微观机理研究；中国是重要的知识创造中心，美国是国际合作网络中心；研究主题主要包含环境效应来源、影响因素、环境后果以及技术方法等。未来需要加强稀土开发环境效应的全过程生命周期研究，提升中国合作中心地位，强化对稀土开发的深度认知和数据积累。 |
| 关键词: 稀土开发 环境效应 文献计量 综述 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE221019 |
| CSTR： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2019YFC1805100）；国家自然科学基金项目（51664024，21767012）；江西省人才计划（jxsq2018102126） |
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| A review of the environmental effects of rare earth development in the past 30 years based on bibliometrics |
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WAN Chen, ZHOU Dan, XUE Bing
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1. College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
2. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
3. Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Rare earths have become indispensable and vital elements in the modern industry due to their unique physical and chemical properties, and their roles as strategic resources and critical raw materials are becoming more and more prominent. Over the past 30 years, the global production of rare earth oxides has increased by 400%, of which China’s rare earth oxides (REO) production has always dominated. Still, the development of rare earth resources also faces many environmental issues. Therefore, it is of great fundamental significance to carry out a systematic summary and prospect of the environmental effects of rare earth development and its knowledge development for enhancing and promoting the green development and development of rare earths. By applying the CiteSpace, we developed a method with a combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative cognition to carry out bibliometric analysis from 1990 to 2020, aiming to clarify the systematic knowledge and development trend of the environmental effects of rare earth development, which can provide a reference for the green development decision-making of rare earths and reference. Materials and methods The literature was obtained from the core collection databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science, with a time window from 1990-01-01 to 2020-12-31. First, a literature database containing 417 pieces (including 246 Chinese and 171 English pieces) was constructed based on manual interpretation. Then, CiteSpace and text analysis methods were used to analyze the knowledge map of the research literature and present the main research objects, sources of environmental effects, influencing factors, environmental consequences, and research methods of rare earth environmental effects. Results 2010 was a significant turning point year for literature publication. Chinese scholars and their outcomes dominated a significant position in the output of research results of rare earth environmental effects globally. Research on environmental effects has gradually turned to specific environmental and has initially formed a research community. Environmental effects, influencing factors, and environmental consequences are presented, followed by a systemic summary of the research methods. Discussion The ecological and environmental problems caused by the development and utilization of rare earths have become a bottleneck restricting sustainable development. As the main producer and exporter of rare earth resources, China has made great contributions to the stable supply of rare earth products worldwide, but the development of rare earths is also accompanied by a series of deep environmental problems and ecological and health damage. In the international knowledge cooperation network system, the United States is in the central position, while China is in the sub-central position, which shows the imbalance between China’s contribution to rare earth resources and the discourse power of rare earth knowledge. In the environmental management of rare earths, there is an urgent need to follow the concept of comprehensive management of the whole process and the whole life cycle, from the source of production, production process and even export trade to systemic management. At the same time, we should consider introducing ecological compensation and other governance tools, so as to provide policy and financial support to the ecological restoration of rare earth resources mining areas. Conclusions Strengthening the research on the environmental effects of rare earth development has important supporting significance for further enhancing and promoting the green development of rare earths. Systematic knowledge summarization plays a fundamental role in promoting, improving, and innovating disciplinary research. The research on the environmental effects of rare earths has entered a rapid development track, but further improvement is needed in knowledge network collaboration and research system design. Recommendations and perspectives China needs to promote international cooperation, select some excellent scientific research institutions, and cultivate them into international knowledge cooperation centers to enhance the right to speak. Systematically promote the research on the integration of high-efficiency green development and ecological restoration of rare earths, and simultaneously promote the green development capabilities of rare earths at the scientific and technological level. |
| Key words: rare earth development environmental effects bibliometrics review |
