| 引用本文: | 刘恒德，李洪勇，吴迪，尹祥坤，朱玉姣，薛丽坤.2023.泰山酸雨长期变化趋势及影响因素[J].地球环境学报,14(2):253-262 |
| LIU Hengde, LI Hongyong, WU Di, YIN Xiangkun, ZHU Yujiao, XUE Likun.2023.Long-term trend and influencing factors of the acid rain at Mt. Taishan[J].Journal of Earth Environment,14(2):253-262 |
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| 摘要: |
| 酸雨污染是我国长期面临的重大环境问题之一。本研究基于泰山山顶（海拔1534 m）降水资料，探究了1992—2020年泰山酸雨的长期变化趋势及其影响因素。结果表明：泰山降水年均pH值经历了波动上升（1992—1998年）—下降（1999—2008年）—上升（2009—2017年）—平稳（2018—2020年）四个阶段，酸雨问题最严重的阶段发生于2007年和2008年。SO2、NOx排放量与泰山降水年均pH值之间具有良好的负相关关系，表明酸性气体排放是导致酸雨问题的重要原因。受土壤源气溶胶的中和作用和低层大气云下冲刷过程的影响，泰安市（地面站点）相对泰山山顶降水酸度降低、酸雨频率减小。泰山酸雨由“硫酸型”、“硫酸-硝酸型”已转变为“硝酸型”，进一步削减NOx排放量是降低酸雨污染的重要措施 |
| 关键词: 泰山 酸雨 长期变化 污染物排放 硝酸型 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE222047 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42075104） |
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| Long-term trend and influencing factors of the acid rain at Mt. Taishan |
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LIU Hengde, LI Hongyong, WU Di, YIN Xiangkun, ZHU Yujiao, XUE Likun
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1. Taishan National Reference Climatological Station, Tai’an 271000, China
2. Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope With the rapid development of the economy, acid rain has emerged as a major environmental issue due to the extensive SO2 and NOx emissions, posing a threat to human health. As the largest developing country, acid rain pollution is of increasing concern with the rapid industrialization and urbanization in China. In the last decade, anthropogenic pollutant emissions, such as SO2 and NOx, have decreased considerably. Therefore, identifying the variation trend of acid rain pollution and its influencing factors is significant in providing a scientific basis for prevention and control policies. Materials and methods Based on the long-term observations of precipitation at the summit of Mt. Taishan (1534 a.s.l) from 1992 to 2020, we explored variations of precipitation pH, conductivity (k value) and their influencing factors. Results Our results showed that the annual average pH of acid rain at Mt. Taishan has experienced four stages: fluctuate increasing (1992—1998), decreasing (1999—2008), increasing (2009—2017) and stable (2018—2020), with the most serious phase of acid rain occurring in 2007 and 2008. Discussion The emissions of SO2 and NOx were found to be negatively correlated with the annual average pH value of precipitation at Mt. Taishan (r=0.91, 0.94, Slope=−0.001), indicating that the emissions of SO2 and NOx were primary contributors to acid rain. Furthermore, compared to the summit of Mt. Taishan, the annual average pH value of precipitation is higher on the ground. This discrepancy may be attributed to the neutralization of soil aerosols and the under-cloud scour process in the lower atmosphere. Conclusions Our study revealed that the acid rain pollution still remains severe at Mt. Taishan and is gradually changing from “sulfur-rich” to “mixed acid precipitation” and then to “nitric-rich”. Recommendations and perspectives These findings provide the valuable insight into the causes of acid rain pollution in China, and highlight the importance of reducing NOx emissions in order to alleviate acid rain pollution in the future. |
| Key words: Mt. Taishan acid rain long-term trend air pollutant emission nitric-rich acid rain |
