| 引用本文: | 任军莉,刘星星,郭飞,谭亮成,孙有斌.2026.黄土高原中晚全新世气候变化研究进展[J].地球环境学报,17(3):696-710 |
| REN Junli,LIU Xingxing,GUO Fei,TAN Liangcheng,SUN Youbin.2026.Recent progress in Mid- to Late Holocene climate variability on the Chinese Loess Plateau[J].Journal of Earth Environment,17(3):696-710 |
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| 黄土高原中晚全新世气候变化研究进展 |
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任军莉1，2，刘星星1，郭飞3，谭亮成1，4，孙有斌1
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1. 中国科学院地球环境研究所 黄土科学全国重点实验室, 西安 710061 ；2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 ；3. 山东大学 海洋研究院, 青岛 266237 ；4. 西安交通大学 全球环境变化研究院, 西安 710049
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| 摘要: |
| 黄土高原的黄土、湖泊、石笋、树木年轮等载体, 被广泛用于重建第四纪以来轨道－年代际尺度的季风气候变化。前人基于黄土和湖泊记录对全新世轨道－千年尺度气候变化特征进行了深入研究, 受限于载体分辨率, 对百年乃至更短时间尺度的气候变化关注不足。文章对黄土高原近6 ka以来的气候序列展开系统综述, 旨在分析气候变化趋势与气候突变事件的时空差异, 并探讨潜在的驱动机制。结果显示: (1) 近6 ka黄土高原地区呈冷干化趋势, 气温与全球地表温度和中国地区温度集成序列吻合, 降水与东亚夏季降水的模拟结果相符; (2) 3次气候事件(5.5 ka、4.2 ka和2.8 ka)在起止时间、持续时间及内部结构上差异显著, 可能与代用指标的敏感性和测年精度有关; (3) 这3次事件虽多表现为干旱化, 但其时空特征和幅度不尽相同, 暗示受太阳活动、北大西洋冰筏事件和北大西洋涛动(NAO)等因子的驱动机制各异。未来亟需在研究薄弱区开展高分辨率气候变化研究, 加强记录－模拟对比, 以深入理解全新世中晚期东亚季风演化的特征与机制。 |
| 关键词: 黄土高原 中晚全新世 气候变化 气候事件 驱动机制 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE2023274 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE2023274 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目 （42221003）；国家自然科学基金项目 （42177429）；中国科学院青年创新促进会（2023428）；黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金项目（SKLLQG2044） |
| 英文基金项目: |
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| Recent progress in Mid- to Late Holocene climate variability on the Chinese Loess Plateau |
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REN Junli1，2，LIU Xingxing1，GUO Fei3，TAN Liangcheng1，4，SUN Youbin1
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1. State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061 , China ；2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 , China ；3. Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237 , China ；4. Institute of Global Environment Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim and scope Climate variability during Mid- to Late Holocene represents a critical interval for understanding Earth-system responses to external forcing under relatively stable boundary conditions. The Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) lies on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, bounded by the Taihang Mountains to the east, the Qinling Mountains to the south, and the Tengger Desert and Mu Us Sandy Land to the north, and is commonly divided into three sub-regions (eastern, central, and western) along topographic-climatic gradients. Diverse archives, including loess deposits, lacustrine sediments, stalagmites, and tree rings, provide key evidence for orbital- to decadal-scale East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) variability. While previous work has substantially advanced understanding of orbital- to millennial-scale changes, centennial and shorter-timescale variability remains poorly constrained, partly due to limitations in proxy resolution and chronology. Here we synthesize and review CLP climate records spanning the last 6 ka, with the aims of quantifying long-term trends, characterizing the spatiotemporal expressions of millennial- to centennial events, and evaluating potential drivers. Materials and methods Based on proxy continuity, chronological reliability, and temporal resolution, we compiled 25 high-quality paleoclimate records covering ≥6 ka with sub-centennial (≤100 a) resolution from loess-paleosol sequences, lake sediments, stalagmites, and tree rings. Multi-archive comparison was used to assess Mid- to Late Holocene climatic trends and the spatiotemporal differentiation of abrupt events at millennial- to centennial-scale. Results (1) Long-term trends: The CLP experienced a progressive cooling and drying trend over the past 6 ka. Temperature variations are consistent with temperature syntheses at global and regional (China) scales, and precipitation changes broadly match EASM simulations. However, stalagmite records from the western CLP suggest a precipitation increase over the last ca. 400 a. (2) Abrupt climatic events: the 5.5 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka events show pronounced regional differences in onset/termination, duration, and internal structure. While the 5.5 ka event shows variable structures (single- or double-pulsed), the 2.8 ka event uniformly exhibits a double-pulsed morphology. In contrast, the 4.2 ka event displays a clear north-dry/south-wet contrast, often manifesting as a dry–wet–dry sequence in northern records. Discussion Mid- to Late Holocene trends on the CLP were primarily forced by declining mid- to high-latitude summer insolation. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of abrupt events likely reflects both differential proxy sensitivities and chronological uncertainties. Although the three weak-monsoon intervals generally manifest as aridification, their driving mechanisms differ: the 5.5 ka and 2.8 ka events are associated with solar minima and North Atlantic ice-rafting activity (Bond events), whereas the 4.2 ka event may have been modulated by North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase variability. Conclusions (1) The CLP exhibits broadly coherent cooling and drying trends since 6 ka, dominated by insolation forcing, while the western CLP shows a Late-Holocene wetting tendency over the last ca. 400 a, indicating regional heterogeneity. (2) The 5.5 ka, 4.2 ka, and 2.8 ka events differ in spatiotemporal patterns and amplitudes, implying distinct forcing involving solar variability, North Atlantic ice-rafting activity, and NAO-related dynamics. (3) Inter-archive comparability, including proxy sensitivity, temporal resolution, and dating precision, is critical for resolving the fine structure of abrupt events. Recommendations and perspectives Future work should prioritize high-resolution reconstructions in data-sparse areas (e. g., the central CLP), strengthen proxy – model comparisons, and improve chronological constraints to better resolve centennial-scale event structures and mechanisms. |
| Key words: Chinese Loess Plateau Mid to Late Holocene climate change abrupt climate event driving mechanisms |
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