| 引用本文: | 杜欣怡,周卫健,付云翀,张丽,刘许柯,毕艳婷.2026.大气降水中⁷Be和¹⁰Be变化特征及影响因素研究进展[J].地球环境学报,17(3):799-809 |
| DU Xinyi,ZHOU Weijian,FU Yunchong,ZHANG Li,LIU Xuke,BI Yanting.2026.Progress of study on the variation characteristics and influencing factors of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation[J].Journal of Earth Environment,17(3):799-809 |
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| 摘要: |
| 大气宇宙成因核素⁷Be（半衰期53.29 d）和¹⁰Be（半衰期1.39 Ma）生成后附着于气溶胶，绝大多数通过湿沉降到达地表。二者凭借独特的产生-沉降-衰变特征，成为数周到百万年尺度上各种环境过程的示踪剂。然而，⁷Be和¹⁰Be在环境中作为示踪剂的普遍应用，需明确其沉降特征和影响因子等。因此，厘清降水中⁷Be和¹⁰Be的变化特征和影响因素很有意义。文章从区域和季节差异两个视角分析其变化规律，并重点阐述了地球纬度、太阳活动、降水、大气运动和植物截留等影响其变化的因素，以期为⁷Be和¹⁰Be应用于大气、陆地和海洋等领域的示踪研究提供数据借鉴和参考依据。 |
| 关键词: ⁷Be ¹⁰Be 大气降水 变化特征 影响因素 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE2023248 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE2023248 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（12575319，11975240）；中国科学院（B类）战略性先导科技专项项目（XDB40000000）；陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目（2025RS-CXTD-036） |
| 英文基金项目: |
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| Progress of study on the variation characteristics and influencing factors of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation |
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DU Xinyi1，2，ZHOU Weijian1，3，FU Yunchong1，3，ZHANG Li1，3，LIU Xuke1，4，BI Yanting1，4
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1. State Key Laboratory of Loess Science, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061 , China ； 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 , China ； 3. Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and Application, Xi'an AMS Center, Xi'an 710061 , China ； 4. Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Meteoric beryllium-7 (⁷Be, t1/2=53.29 d) and beryllium-10 (¹⁰Be, t1/2=1.39 Ma) are natural occurring cosmogenic radionuclides that are widely used as environmental tracers. They are widely used to investigate sediment sources and transport, sedimentation rates, atmospheric deposition fluxes, atmospheric aerosol residence time, and paleoclimatic reconstruction. Their effectiveness as tracers is mainly attributed to their well-defined sources, stable geochemical properties, and dynamic behavior. Both isotopes are produced by interactions between cosmic rays and atmospheric constituents such as nitrogen and oxygen. They subsequently reach the Earth's surface via wet and dry deposition. Current evidence suggests that most of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be deposition occurs through wet deposition. To ensure their reliable application as tracers, it is essential to understand the variability of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation and the mechanisms controlling their deposition. Therefore, this study aims to review the variation characteristics of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation and to identify the key factors influencing their behavior. Materials and methods In this review, we synthesize and evaluate existing research on the variation characteristics of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation, summarize their regional and seasonal patterns, and analyze key influencing factors. We categorized the compiled datasets based on geographic locations. On this basis, the joint effects of cosmogenic production, large-scale atmospheric circulation, localized wet clearance mechanisms, and vegetation cover were comprehensively evaluated. Results The spatial and seasonal uniformity of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be fallout remains an open question in tracer applications. Globally, ⁷Be in precipitation shows clear zonal variability. The activity concentration and deposition flux of ⁷Be in precipitation generally reach their maximum at mid-latitudes and decrease toward the equator and the poles. The variation characteristics of ¹⁰Be in precipitation are broadly comparable to those of ⁷Be. However, research on ¹⁰Be in precipitation remains limited, with most studies focusing on mid-latitude regions. In addition, ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be levels in precipitation exhibit pronounced seasonal fluctuations. Discussion The majority of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be is transferred to the Earth's surface via precipitation. Their concentrations and wet deposition fluxes are strongly influenced by precipitation characteristics, including precipitation type, timing (stage), and magnitude. In general, the correlation between ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation is stronger than the correlation between precipitation amounts and their respective production rates or atmospheric transport processes. This is particularly evident for ⁷Be, given its short half-life. The concentrations and deposition fluxes of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation are influenced not only by rainfall, but also by multiple atmospheric processes, including aerosol residence time, Brewer-Dobson circulation, stratosphere-troposphere exchange, and intra-tropospheric transport. These processes further shape the seasonal and latitudinal distributions of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be concentrations and deposition fluxes in precipitation. Moreover, vegetation cover can significantly modify the amounts of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be reaching the surface by intercepting and redistributing atmospheric deposition. Conclusions (1) Global observations of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation are predominantly concentrated in mid-latitude regions, while data on ¹⁰Be in precipitation remain particularly limited. (2) There is a lack of data on the spatial and temporal variability of ⁷Be wet deposition within a single rainfall event, which reduces the precision of studies on soil particle dynamics. (3) The influence of vegetation cover on the activity concentration and deposition flux of ⁷Be in precipitation reaching the surface has not been sufficiently discussed, and the effect on ¹⁰Be in precipitation reaching the surface has not yet been reported. Recommendations and perspectives (1) Greater attention should be given to long-term observations and multi-regional studies of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be in precipitation, particularly the supplementation and systematic analysis of ¹⁰Be precipitation data. (2) Future research should conduct capture analyses of ⁷Be during individual rainfall events across different geographical regions, thereby establishing a basis for investigating soil erosion processes. (3) Systematic studies are needed to quantify the relationships between vegetation types or coverage and the interception and retention of ⁷Be and ¹⁰Be, in order to better constrain the role of vegetation in controlling the distribution of surface radionuclides. |
| Key words: ⁷Be ¹⁰Be precipitation variation characteristics influence factors |
