| 引用本文: | 戚琳琳,董宽为,梁流涛,李阳,徐宇佳,王司瞳,郭彦君.2026.黄河流域城市扩张多尺度时空格局及驱动因素：基于不透水面数据的分析[J].地球环境学报,17(3):828-842 |
| QI Linlin,DONG Kuanwei,LIANG Liutao,LI Yang,XU Yujia,WANG Sitong,GUO Yanjun.2026.Multi-scale spatial and temporal pattern of urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin and its driving factors: analysis based on impervious surface data[J].Journal of Earth Environment,17(3):828-842 |
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| 黄河流域城市扩张多尺度时空格局及驱动因素：基于不透水面数据的分析 |
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戚琳琳1，董宽为1，梁流涛1，2，李阳1，徐宇佳1，王司瞳1，郭彦君1
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1. 河南大学 地理科学与工程学部 地理科学学院, 开封 475004 ；2. 河南大学 黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室/区域发展与规划研究中心, 开封 475004
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| 摘要: |
| 采用多时相高分辨率（30 m）全球城市边界数据，从省域、市域和县域3个尺度，基于不透水面的视角，综合应用空间自相关与地理探测器等方法探讨2000—2018年黄河流域城市用地扩张的时空格局及其驱动因素。研究结果显示：（1）从不透水面密度、扩张速度和强度的时空格局来看，市域与县（区）呈现相似的特征，不透水面密度和扩张强度指数的高值区都主要集中在下游地区，中游个别城市表现为高值，自下游至上游扩张速度呈现出递减趋势；（2）城市扩张程度与经济发展水平在不同层次均呈现一定的空间对应关系，经济发展水平相对较高的地区，其城市扩张程度相对较高；（3）不透水面密度、扩张速度和扩张强度在不同尺度下均呈现空间正自相关，其在不同尺度下的空间集聚状态具有共同特征：高高集聚区主要分布在下游地区，低低集聚区主要分布在中上游地区，且中上游地区的高值“孤岛”现象与下游地区的低值“盆地”现象始终存在；低高集聚区和高低集聚区多集中分布在高高集聚区和低低集聚区的周边；不同点在于，不同尺度的高值集聚区和低值集聚区存在交叉融合现象，微观尺度上表现为局部性和分散性特征；（4）影响黄河流域城市扩张的因素是多方面的，人口与经济的双重作用基本决定了城市空间扩张的格局；双因子的驱动作用要远强于单因子的作用，其中经济与交通的交叉影响对城市扩张的增强作用最明显。 |
| 关键词: 城市扩张 多尺度 时空格局 驱动因素 黄河流域 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE2023254 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE2023254 |
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| Multi-scale spatial and temporal pattern of urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin and its driving factors: analysis based on impervious surface data |
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QI Linlin1，DONG Kuanwei1，LIANG Liutao1，2，LI Yang1，XU Yujia1，WANG Sitong1，GUO Yanjun1
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1. College of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 , China ；2. Key Laboratory of Digital Geographic Technology in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River, Ministry of Education/Research Center for Regional Development and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope At present, the global population is constantly migrating from rural areas to cities, and cities are expanding at an unprecedented speed. Urban expansion has become a common focus of concern for governments and academia. However, current literature mostly focuses on single scale studies of the same region, lacking comprehensive research on the same regional space from a multi-scale perspective. A single scale often masks some important information and cannot balance the overall and local characteristics of the spatial pattern within a region. Therefore, this study chooses the Yellow River Basin as the research area, analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin from multiple spatial scales based on impervious surface data, and explores its driving factors, in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the coordinated development of cities within the Yellow River Basin and new urbanization. Materials and methods This study adopts multi temporal high-resolution (30 m) global urban boundary data, and explores the spatiotemporal pattern of urban land expansion in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2018 at three scales: provincial, prefectural, and county scales. Focusing on impervious surface dynamics, the research integrates spatial autocorrelation analysis to identify clustering patterns and employs geographic detectors to quantify the socio-economic and infrastructural drivers of this expansion. Results (1) From the spatiotemporal pattern of impervious surface density, expansion speed, and intensity, cities and counties (districts) exhibit similar characteristics. The high value areas of impervious surface density and expansion intensity index are mainly concentrated in downstream areas, with some cities in the middle reaches showing high values. The expansion speed shows a decreasing trend from downstream to upstream. (2) The density, expansion speed, and expansion intensity of impervious surface all exhibit spatial positive autocorrelation at different scales, and their spatial clustering states at different scales share common characteristics: high-high clustering areas are mainly distributed in downstream areas, while low-low clustering areas are mainly distributed in the middle and upper reaches, and the high value "island" phenomenon in the middle and upper reaches and the low value "basin" phenomenon in the downstream areas always exist; low-high clustering areas and high-low clustering areas are mostly concentrated around high-high clustering areas and low-low clustering areas. (3) The factors that affect urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin are multifaceted, and the dual effects of population and economy basically determine the pattern of urban spatial expansion. Discussion The difference in spatial agglomeration status of urban expansion indicators at different scales lies in the fact that high-high clustering areas at the city scale are concentrated in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin, while high-high clustering areas at the county scale are sporadically distributed in the middle reaches in addition to the downstream areas. In addition, low value clustering areas at the county level have also appeared within the high value clustering areas at the city level, indicating localized and dispersed characteristics at the micro level. Furthermore, from the results of interaction detection, the impact of any two driving factors on urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin is greater than that of a single driving factor alone. Among them, the cross influence of economy and transportation has the most obvious enhancing effect on urban expansion, which is mainly achieved by driving the flow of factors such as funds, labor, and resources. Conclusions (1) There is a certain spatial correspondence between the degree of urban expansion and the level of economic development at different scales. Regions with relatively high levels of economic development have a relatively large degree of urban expansion; regions with relatively low levels of economic development also have relatively small levels of urban expansion. (2) At the county and city scales, urban expansion exhibits a phenomenon of fragmentation, indicating that the imbalance in the process of urban expansion in the Yellow River Basin is still relatively serious. Recommendations and perspectives In practice, we should fully utilize the common and individual characteristics of urban expansion and agglomeration in the Yellow River Basin, construct a multi-scale collaborative development mechanism in the Yellow River Basin, properly handle the "siphon effect", make full use of national spatial planning methods to reasonably guide the rational layout of large, medium, and small cities, establish a precise identification and exit mechanism for inefficient land use, and ultimately form a new spatial pattern of land development and protection characterized by complementary regional advantages and a reasonable division of functions. At the same time, it is necessary to comprehensively apply multiple policy tools, find multiple policy driving points, and promote the rational expansion of urban land through comprehensive policy measures. |
| Key words: urban expansion multi scale temporal and spatial pattern drivers Yellow River Basin |
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