| 引用本文: | 杨阳，刘良旭，童永平，张萍萍，吴凡，周媛媛，宋怡，王云强，安韶山.2023.黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤碳储量及影响因素研究进展[J].地球环境学报,14(6):649-662 |
| YANG Yang, LIU Liangxu, TONG Yongping, ZHANG Pingping, WU Fan, ZHOU Yuanyuan, SONG Yi, WANG Yunqiang, AN Shaoshan.2023.Advances and driving factors in soil organic carbon storage during vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau, China[J].Journal of Earth Environment,14(6):649-662 |
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| 摘要: |
| 黄土高原是我国西部地区的天然生态屏障，其土层深厚，蕴藏着大量的有机碳，在陆地生态系统土壤碳汇效应中发挥着重要作用；在“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展”以及“双碳”目标重大国家战略背景下，黄土高原植被恢复导致土壤固碳量大幅增加，新时代黄土高原土壤碳汇效应将持续增加。鉴于此，本文首先概括了黄土高原1982—2020年土地利用变化与植被覆盖度变化趋势，在回顾植被恢复进程的基础上，建立了黄土高原植被恢复过程中主要碳循环过程示意图；然后综述了黄土高原土壤碳储量与固碳效应的研究现状、进展与不确定性，并总结了土壤碳储量的驱动因素；最后对黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤碳汇效应可能出现的问题与挑战进行了展望，为黄土高原土壤碳汇功能和生态效益提升提供重要参考。 |
| 关键词: 黄土高原 土壤有机碳 碳储量 碳汇效应 植被恢复 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE221009 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE221009 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（42107282）；中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目（2023430）；黄土与第四纪地质
国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLLQG1915）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划（2021JQ-974） |
| 英文基金项目:National Natural Science Foundation of China (42107282); Talent Project of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of
Chinese Academy of Sciences (2023430); Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology
(SKLLQG1915); Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (2021JQ-974) |
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| Advances and driving factors in soil organic carbon storage during vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau, China |
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YANG Yang, LIU Liangxu, TONG Yongping, ZHANG Pingping, WU Fan, ZHOU Yuanyuan, SONG Yi, WANG Yunqiang, AN Shaoshan
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1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
2. CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an 710061, China
3. National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone and Terrestrial Surface Flux on the Loess Plateau, Xi’an 710061, China
4. Urat Desert-grassland Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Science,
Lanzhou 730000, China
5. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope The Loess Plateau is the natural ecological barrier in the west of China. Its deep soil layer contains a large amount of soil organic carbon, which plays an important role in the soil carbon sink effect of terrestrial ecosystem. In order to understand the domestic research status of soil carbon storage and its driving factors in the process of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau, we reviewed and summarized the research status, progress and uncertainty of soil carbon storage in this region, and then the potential problems and challenges of soil carbon sink effect in the process of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau were prospected. Materials and methods Based on the policy of “ecological conservation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin” and “dual carbon” goals, the soil carbon sequestration of the Loess Plateau will continue to increase in the future. Results Here, this paper firstly summarized the land use change and vegetation coverage change trends of the Loess Plateau from 1982 to 2020. Based on the vegetation restoration process, the conceptual diagram of main carbon cycling processes were established. Then, we summarized the progress and uncertainty of soil carbon storage and its sequestration effect, and pointed out the driving factors of soil carbon storage. Discussion The vertical joints of the Loess Plateau are developed and the soil is often very upright. However, the loess is vulnerable to erosion due to its weak resistance to flowing water. Once the vegetation is destroyed, soil erosion will spread rapidly and a large amount of organic carbon will be lost. With the continuous progress of vegetation restoration, soil and vegetation can reabsorb and fix a large amount of carbon, thus increasing the ecosystem carbon storage. From the current situation, vegetation restoration project will be continuously proceeded on the Loess Plateau. From a long-term perspective, the Loess Plateau ecosystem still has great potential for carbon sequestration. Therefore, the carbon sink function of Loess Plateau ecosystem is a long-term process. Conclusions The vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau has gradually entered the natural recovery stage, and the carbon sequestration effect is also in a relatively stable state. The way of vegetation restoration has changed from the emphasis on afforestation and grass planting in the past, tending to natural restoration measures. Thus, we should follow the law of vegetation restoration, take natural succession as the main method, and supplemented by human activities, which are effective way to accelerate vegetation restoration, and can also maximize the effect and function of soil carbon sink in ecosystem. Recommendations and perspectives The problems and challenges of soil organic carbon in the process of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau were prospected, providing an important reference for soil carbon sink and ecological benefit on the Loess Plateau. |
| Key words: Loess Plateau soil organic carbon carbon storage effect of carbon sequestration vegetation restoration |
