| 摘要: |
| 理解树木生长对气候变化和人类活动干扰的响应有助于未来森林管理和双碳政策的落实。本文基于采自吕梁山南端的油松（Pinus tabuliformis Carr.）树轮样本建立了标准树轮宽度年表。通过Pearson相关分析发现树轮年表对研究区3—7月土壤湿度（r=0.60，P＜0.01，n=37）、5—6月平均最低温度（r=−0.37，P＜0.01，n=63）和5月降水量（r=0.31，P＜0.05，n=64）响应敏感，说明水分条件（降水和土壤湿度）是影响研究区油松径向生长的主要限制因子，温度则是通过调控土壤湿度进而影响树木径向生长过程。近百年来（1926—2011年），研究区油松发生了三次生长释放事件（1932年，1977—1980年，2001—2011年）和一次生长抑制事件（1991—1994年）。生长释放事件在次数、持续时间和发生强度上都高于生长抑制事件。适宜（不适宜）的水热组合能够促进生长释放（抑制），人类活动干扰也能够诱发生长事件。空间相关分析揭示树轮年表与研究区及周边较大范围的气候环境变化密切相关。本研究对深入了解该地区油松树种生长特征及其对气候与人类活动干扰的响应具有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 生长事件 油松 树轮宽度 生长-气候关系 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE222039 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE222039 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）（XDB40010300）；崂山实验室科技创新项目（LSKJ202203300）；黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLLQG2139） |
| 英文基金项目:Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB40010300); Science and Technology Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory (LSKJ202203300); Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (SKLLQG2139) |
|
| Growth characteristics of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. and its relationship with climate change in the south of Lüliang Mountains in the past century |
|
XIE Mei, CAI Qiufang, LIU Yu, ZHANG Hanyu, LI Teng, YE Yuanda
|
|
1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
2. CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi’an 710061, China
3. Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
4. National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain, Shaanxi, Xi’an 710061, China
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
|
| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Disturbance plays an important role in the ecosystems. To fully understand the law of climate/environment evolution and the mechanism by which human activity affects tree growth, it is necessary to explore the relationship between tree growth and climatic/environment factors, and the growth history of trees. In this study, climatic/environment signals in the tree-ring width chronology of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. in the southern Lüliang Mountains were explored, and the characteristics of tree growth were investigated. Materials and methods The tree-ring width STD chronology of P. tabuliformis in the south of the Lüliang Mountains (36°37′12″N, 111°12′00″E, 1530—1560 m) was developed based on 53 well cross-dated tree-ring cores. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to analyze the relationship between tree-ring width and monthly/seasonal mean temperature, mean minimum temperature, total precipitation and 0—40 cm soil moisture. Percentage of growth change (GC) of P. tabuliformis. was calculated to identify the growth release/inhibition events. When the GC is greater than or equal to 25%, the growth release event occurs, when the GC is less than or equal to −25%, the growth of P. tabuliformis is inhibited. Spatial correlation analysis (http://climexp.knmi.nl/) was performed to explore the relationship between tree growth and large-spatial area climatic/environment factors. Results The correlation analysis revealed that tree growth showed a significantly negative relationship with May—June mean minimum temperature (r=−0.37, P＜0.01, n=63), whereas significantly positive relationships with May precipitation amount (r=0.31, P＜0.05, n=64) and the March—July mean soil moisture (r=0.60, P＜0.01, n=37). In the past century, tree growth release events occurred during three times (1932, 1977—1980 and 2001—2011), while growth inhibition occurred only once (1991—1994). Discussion The negative correlation between May—June mean minimum temperature and tree-ring width might be that high temperature resulted in water stress and then limited tree growth. Tree growth is positively correlated with May precipitation since water shortage in the early growing season would lead to narrow rings of P. tabuliformis. The soil moisture is determined by various climatic factors such as precipitation and temperature. The strong positive correlation between soil moisture and tree growth indicates that precipitation and temperature work together to control tree growth. Both the growth release and inhibition events can be attributed to the impacts of climate change. Growth release was generally induced by favorable climatic conditions, such as abundant precipitation and low temperatures during growing season. Growth inhibition was closely related to harsh climatic conditions, such as low precipitation and high temperature. Human activities, such as deforestation, might induce growth release events. Conclusions It showed that tree growth of P. tabuliformis in the study area was limited by hydrothermal conditions in the pre-growing and growing season. Growth release and growth inhibition occurred in the entire growth history of P. tabuliformis in the past century, and the growth events were closely related to the changes of environmental conditions. The growth of P. tabuliformis in the study area is also related to the large-scale climate change in North China, which means it can reflect the characteristics of climate change in North China to a certain extent. Recommendations and perspectives Tree-ring width can record a large amount of disturbance information, and further studies are needed to deeply understand disturbance in the study area. |
| Key words: growth events Pinus tabuliformis Carr. tree-ring width growth-climate relationship |
