| 引用本文: | 严文轩，陆成秋，郭小奇，秦真渝，曹雅堃，孙雪峰.2024.汉江下游罗汉寺和岳家湾旧石器旷野遗址的年代学研究[J].地球环境学报,15(2):235-248 |
| YAN Wenxuan, LU Chengqiu, GUO Xiaoqi, QIN Zhenyu, CAO Yakun, SUN Xuefeng.2024.Chronological study of Luohansi and Yuejiawan open-air paleolithic sites in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River[J].Journal of Earth Environment,15(2):235-248 |
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| 摘要: |
| 近年来，秦岭地区发现了大量旧石器遗址，并开展了年代学研究。但是，秦岭南麓汉江下游地区的旧石器遗址研究相对较少。2018年夏天对汉江下游地区的野外考察中，在钟祥盆地和江汉平原发现了罗汉寺和岳家湾两处旧石器旷野遗址。两处遗址的剖面出土了较多原地埋藏的石制品，包括石片、石核，以及砍砸器、尖状器、刮削器、手稿、手斧等少量工具。利用石英单片再生剂量法（SAR-OSL）和热转移光释光（TT-OSL）技术，测得罗汉寺两个遗址点对应的文化层年代分别为53—30 ka和187 ka，岳家湾遗址旧石器文化层的年代为172—138 ka。这些年代有效填补了汉江下游地区部分旧石器时代遗址的年代空白。 |
| 关键词: 汉江 旧石器 罗汉寺 岳家湾 单片再生剂量法 热转移光释光 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE232020 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE232020 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41972185） |
| 英文基金项目:National Natural Science Foundation of China (41972185) |
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| Chronological study of Luohansi and Yuejiawan open-air paleolithic sites in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River |
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YAN Wenxuan, LU Chengqiu, GUO Xiaoqi, QIN Zhenyu, CAO Yakun, SUN Xuefeng
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1. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
2. Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Wuhan 430077, China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope In recent years, numerous paleolithic sites in the Qinling Mountain Range have been discovered and dated. Conversely, relatively fewer paleolithic sites have been found and studied in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Valley in the southern Qinling Mountains. For this purpose, we conducted field surveys along the lower reaches of Hanjiang River in the summer of 2018. Luohansi (Luohansi-1 and Luohansi-2) and Yuejiawan paleolithic sites were found in Zhongxiang Basin and Jianghan Plain. In this study, five samples that were collected in the cultural layer of the Luohansi site and two samples that were collected in the Yuejiawan site were dated. Then, we obtained the luminescence chronologies of these sites. We also collected stone artefacts in situ and in the stratigraphic profile of these sites to obtain their industrial characteristics. Material and methods Single aliquot regeneration optically stimulated luminescence (SAR-OSL) and thermally transferred optically stimulated luminescence (TT-OSL) methods were used to obtain the chronology of these sites. Results According to the dating results, two corresponding cultural layers from Luohansi-1 and Luohansi-2 were dated to 53—30 ka and 187 ka, respectively, and one cultural layer from Yuejiawan site was dated to 172—138 ka. The stone artefacts found in Luohansi have the characteristics of both flake-tool and cobble-tool industries, which are distributed in Luohansi-1 and Luohansi-2, respectively. The stone artefacts found in Yuejiawan are typical cobble-tool industrial. Discussion Not only were hand axes found in a large number of sites, but a large number of f lake-tool industrial sites were also found in the Qingling Mountain Range. This finding shows the diversity of paleolithic types in the region and the conditions that are suitable for the existence of these two industries. However, chronological studies of these sites are relatively scarce and need further improvement. On the basis of a comparative study of the sites that have been dated in the valley, we found that the hominin activities in the area decreased significantly during the last glacial period. We considered that this situation possibly occurred because the preference and selection requirements of hominins for the environment changed or because of other reasons, such as the change of industrial characteristics. Conclusions The discoveries in these two sites have effectively filled the chronological gap of paleolithic sites in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Valley. An analysis of the dating ages and industrial characteristics in these two sites shows that Luohansi and Yuejiawan fully conform to the overall development trend of paleolithic in Qinling Mountains. Recommendations and perspectives Although this study dated the two sites in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Valley, the sites in the lower reaches still need to be discovered, and the sites in the whole Hanjiang River Valley must be dated. In the future, we hope to obtain more chronological data to help us provide ideas for human evolution in this valley and also in the Qingling Mountain Range. |
| Key words: Hanjiang River Valley paleolithic Luohansi Yuejiawan SAR-OSL TT-OSL |
