| 引用本文: | 温志刚,祝捷,周朝旭,任永贤,张清盛,唐玉,刘平,孔明,郭岐明.2026.陕西榆阳早侏罗世恐龙足迹化石群的分类学研究[J].地球环境学报,17(4):1116-1125 |
| WEN Zhigang,ZHU Jie,ZHOU Chaoxu,REN Yongxian,ZHANG Qingsheng,TANG Yu,LIU Ping,KONG Ming,GUO Qiming.2026.Taxonomic research of Early Jurassic dinosaur footprint fossil group in Yuyang, Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Earth Environment,17(4):1116-1125 |
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| 陕西榆阳早侏罗世恐龙足迹化石群的分类学研究 |
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温志刚1，2，祝捷1，2，周朝旭3，任永贤4，张清盛1，2，唐玉1，2，刘平1，2，孔明1，2，郭岐明1，2
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1.陕西省地质调查院，西安 710004 ；2.陕西省矿产地质调查中心（陕西省古生物化石保护研究中心），西安 710068 ；3.陕西省自然资源厅，西安 710082 ；4.榆林市自然资源和规划局，榆林 719054
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| 摘要: |
| 榆林市地处鄂尔多斯盆地腹地，中生代地层发育，是研究中生代陆相古生物化石的天然宝库。恐龙足迹化石是恐龙在生活期间保留下来的遗迹化石，是古足迹学的研究对象之一。对恐龙足迹化石进行研究可为恐龙生存时代、类型划分、恐龙演化以及行为习性再造，恢复古环境、古气候提供重要依据。通过对榆林市榆阳区大河塔镇发现的恐龙足迹化石群赋存层位及类型进行研究，结果表明：（1）榆阳区大河塔镇发现的恐龙足迹化石群赋存于下侏罗统富县组下部，恐龙足迹形成地质时代为早侏罗世早期；（2）恐龙足迹化石群可识别出蜥脚型亚目（Suborder Sauropodomorpha）、兽脚亚目（Suborder Theropoda）、鸟脚亚目（Suborder Ornithopoda）以及覆盾甲龙类（Thyreophora）恐龙足迹；（3）中国足迹属（ichnogenus Sinoichnites）足迹为国内发现时代最早的禽龙科（Family Iguanodontidae）恐龙足迹。 |
| 关键词: 恐龙足迹 早侏罗世 榆阳 陕西 |
| DOI：10.7515/JEE2024137 |
| CSTR：32259.14.JEE2024137 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目（2021SF2-03）；榆林市自然资源和规划局榆林市2023年度重要古生物化石资源详细调查项目；陕西省地质调查院公益性地质调查项目（202004） |
| 英文基金项目: |
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| Taxonomic research of Early Jurassic dinosaur footprint fossil group in Yuyang, Shaanxi Province |
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WEN Zhigang1，2，ZHU Jie1，2，ZHOU Chaoxu3，REN Yongxian4，ZHANG Qingsheng1，2，TANG Yu1，2，LIU Ping1，2，KONG Ming1，2，GUO Qiming1，2
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1.Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey, Xi’an 710004 , China ；2.Shaanxi Mineral Resources and Geological Survey (Shaanxi Conservation and Research of Paleontological Fossils), Xi’an 710068 , China ；3.Department of Natural Resources of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710082 , China ；4.Yulin Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, Yulin 719054 , China
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| Abstract: |
| Background, aim, and scope Yulin City is located in the northern part of Shaanxi Province, in the hinterland of the Ordos Basin. The Mesozoic strata are developed and widely distributed, making it a natural treasure trove for studying Mesozoic terrestrial paleontological fossils. The earliest discovered dinosaur footprint fossil in China is located in Shenmu City, Yulin City, and is named Sinoichnites youngi. Since 2009, there have been reports of dinosaur footprint fossils discovered in Shenmu, Zizhou, and Jingbian in Yulin, with most of the time concentrated in the Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, and fewer dinosaur footprint fossils discovered in the Early Jurassic. The discovery of Early Jurassic dinosaur footprint fossils in Daheta Town, Yuyang District provides information for further enriching dinosaur species, studying dinosaur evolution, and paleoenvironmental analysis. This study focuses on the fossil-bearing horizons and dinosaur track types from Daheta Town, Yuyang District. It aims to identify dinosaur taxa and constrain the formation age based on track morphologies and host strata, so as to reconstruct the Early Jurassic dinosaur assemblages and their ecological habits in this area, and to investigate the regional palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic conditions. Materials and methods A detailed investigation was conducted on the distribution range of dinosaur footprint fossils, including stratigraphic profile measurements of footprint occurrence layers, field measurements of dinosaur footprint fossils, and detailed comparative analysis indoors. Results It is basically confirmed that there are one hundred and six of dinosaur footprints in this area, and most of the fossils are preserved in molds, preserving relatively complete morphological features. It occurs in the Fuxian Formation of the Early Jurassic and has four layers of occurrence. Identify multiple types of dinosaur footprints, including Suborder Sauropodomorpha, Suborder Theropoda, Suborder Ornithopoda and Thyreophora footprints. The footprints of sauropod dinosaurs are the earliest discovered footprints of sauropod dinosaurs in Shaanxi region. Discussion Based on measured stratigraphic sections and regional stratigraphic correlation, the dinosaur footprint-bearing layers are assigned to the Lower Jurassic Fuxian Formation, corresponding to the Early Jurassic. By comparing with existing dinosaur footprints, theropod dinosaur footprints may include ichnogenus Eubrontes, ichnogenus Asianopodus, ichnogenus Changpeipus, and ichnogenus Kayentapus; ornithopod have ichnogenus Sinoichnites; sauropods have ichnogenus Brontopodus. Dinosaur track fossils are mostly preserved as casts on the top surfaces of dark grey shale, clearly preserving the morphological features of dinosaur feet. This stratigraphic layer yields abundant plant fragment fossils, indicating that it provided a rich and stable food supply for herbivorous dinosaurs at that time. Tracks of both herbivorous and carnivorous dinosaurs co-occur in this layer, with some theropod tracks superimposed on sauropod tracks. This evidence further reconstructs the palaeoecological picture of the Early Jurassic dinosaur fauna of Yuyang District, which lived in groups, hunted, and migrated in a warm and humid climate. Conclusions The discovery of Early Jurassic dinosaur footprints in this area has expanded the geographical distribution range of dinosaur footprint fossils in Yulin City, further filling the gap in the study of dinosaur skeletal fossils in the Ordos Basin and enriching the species of Early Jurassic dinosaurs. Recommendations and perspectives Further research can restore the living conditions and habits of Early Jurassic dinosaurs in the region. It is of great significance to analyze the ancient climate, geography, stratigraphic correlation, and sedimentary environment of the region. |
| Key words: dinosaur footprint Early Jurassic Yuyang Shaanxi |
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